Seldom Pleasant
150 Years of Pioneering Women’s Access to Education, Medicine, STEM, and Beyond
The late 19th and early 20th centuries were a period of intense educational progress for women in Canada. In 1875, Grace Annie Lockhart earned the first bachelor’s degree granted to a woman in Canada (and in the entirety of what was at the time the British Empire). In the same year, many provinces away, Jenny (Jennie) Trout became the first woman licensed to practice medicine in Canada. 2025 marks 150 years since these two major milestones in the history of women’s access to education and STEM fields in Canada. Seldom Pleasant explores these milestones in women’s history while examining the larger ongoing fight for women to exercise influence and agency in fields and institutions historically barred to them.

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Defining Moments Canada (DMC) is excited to commemorate these pioneering women and the paths they forged towards equality, independence, and education for women in Seldom Pleasant: 150 Years of Pioneering Women’s Access to Education, Medicine, STEM and Beyond. This bilingual project will curate and present the experiences of women pioneers in Canada while exploring – through historical discussion and pedagogical resources – themes pervasive across diverse and intersecting perspectives. Seldom Pleasant presents a nuanced and thorough commemorative collection of content in honour of definitional women and their advocacy work, with a depth of historical analysis that is long overdue.
Anchored by two milestones of women’s history in Canada, Seldom Pleasant explores the parallel stories of women’s achievements in the fields of medicine and STEM, and the impact of accessible education on women’s lives in Canada. Our approach in this project draws a direct line between larger movements for women’s rights, and the lived experiences of increased access to education and careers for women in Canada in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Seldom Pleasant explores the experiences of women who pioneered access into historically exclusive spaces and the impact of their stories on the larger population — both then and now — while considering the intersections of gender with other identity markers, such as race and economic status. Ultimately, Seldom Pleasant presents a diverse and engaging collection of historical and educational content snapshotting 150 years of the experience of being a woman within the institutions of Canadian society.
GUIDING QUESTIONS
- Why were the experiences of Trout, Stowe, and Lockhart defining moments in women’s rights movements in their own time, and what impact did they have on the experiences of women going forward?
- In what ways were the experiences of women in the late 19th and early 20th centuries impacted by the distribution of rights and privileges held by larger institutions and systems? How do they continue to be impacted?
- How did women’s rights movements intersect with other movements for equal rights in the late 19th and early 20th centuries? How do they continue to intersect?
ENDURING UNDERSTANDINGS
- The experiences of women pioneers, such as Trout, Stowe, and Lockhart, signaled changes in how some women had access to and were recognized by institutions in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
- While Trout and Lockhart achieved institutional recognition and access, many other women (before, during, and after their time) were also pioneers in the spheres of education, medicine, and STEM, even though they did not receive the same recognition.
- The late 19th and early 20th centuries were a time of broader movements for women’s rights in social, legal, and political contexts (e.g. women’s suffrage).
- Only some women were included within and benefitted from broader movements for women’s rights and changes in access to rights and privileges at this time. Women’s rights movements sometimes but not always intersected with other movements for equal rights (e.g. race, economic status, sexuality).
- The historical experiences of women must be understood in the context of the contemporary expectations imposed upon them by larger social movements, organizations, and traditions.
- Women’s increasingly active participation in the spheres of education, medicine, STEM, and beyond, has profound effects within those spheres and on the people impacted by them.

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Most recent project content
Jenny (Jennie) Trout: A StoryMap
“I hope to live to see the day when each larger town (at least) in Ontario will have one good true lady physician working in His name.”
StoryMaps
Grace Annie Lockhart: A StoryMap
A quick search for Lockhart’s name reveals that she earned a Bachelor’s degree in sciences and English literature in 1875 from Mount Allison University, the first for any woman in the British Empire. This is where biographical entries on Lockhart end, because very little is known of her life after graduation.
StoryMaps
Kit Coleman
Woman's Kingdom
Between 1889 and 1911, under the pen name “Kit,” Kathleen Blake Coleman reigned over the paper’s “Woman’s Kingdom” page, where her feisty, sometimes melodramatic tone touched a nerve with her audience as she covered topics beyond the expected stories on fashion and domestic duties, expanding the concept of what a newspaper’s women’s page could be.
Stories

Judith Robinson
A Formidable Canadian Journalist
For more than 30 years, Robinson was one of Canada’s most formidable journalists, one who championed principle, personal liberty, and underdogs.
Stories
Dr. Emily Howard Stowe and Dr. Augusta Stowe-Gullen
A Family Legacy of Pushing Boundaries
History has known some important mother-daughter duos who show that, sometimes, the fight for some rights takes longer than one generation. One of the most emblematic in Canada’s history was Emily Howard Stowe (née Jennings) and her oldest child, Augusta Stowe-Gullen.
Stories

Unit Plan: War Correspondents
This unit plan explores the roles of Canadian women who have taken risks in the male dominated field of journalism, specifically war reporting during WWI andWWII.
Education Resources