Cite

Story of the Discovery: Historical Articles

The Archives of Insulin

Education Resources

Historical Articles

Stories

Tracing the Spread of Insulin

Historical Articles

Better Insulin: Nothing Better Than Insulin

Historical Articles

Virtual Exhibit Items

Nobel Prize: Canada’s Gift to the World

Historical Articles

Virtual Exhibit Items

Novo Nordisk

Historical Articles

Virtual Exhibit Items

Making Insulin (Part Two)

Historical Articles

Virtual Exhibit Items

Manufacturing Hope

Historical Articles

Eli Lilly

Historical Articles

Virtual Exhibit Items

Patent Protection

Historical Articles

Virtual Exhibit Items

Diabetic Resurrections

Historical Articles

Virtual Exhibit Items

Making Insulin

Historical Articles

Virtual Exhibit Items

History of Connaught

Historical Articles

Virtual Exhibit Items

Early Patients

Historical Articles

Stories

The Discovery Goes Public

Historical Articles

Virtual Exhibit Items

It works! Now what?

Historical Articles

Virtual Exhibit Items

Banting & Best: Progress and Uncertainty in the Lab

Historical Articles

Virtual Exhibit Items

Convincing Macleod

Historical Articles

Virtual Exhibit Items

Diabetes before 1920

Historical Articles

Virtual Exhibit Items

Note on sources: There are extensive archival and online information sources documenting the discovery of insulin, the history of the Connaught Antitoxin Labs, and the evolution of Canadian public health policy. In terms of the experimental work carried out by Frederick Banting, Charles Best, J.J.R. Macleod and James Collip between 1920 and 1923, the most authoritative and detailed source is “The Story of Insulin,” by Michael Bliss (University of Chicago Press, 1982). Drawing on original documents and interviews with surviving witnesses, Bliss meticulously reconstructed the discovery process and sought to debunk some of the myths that had grown up about the U of T insulin story over many decades.